As Saudi Arabia accelerates its Vision 2030 ambitions, the Kingdom is rethinking how cities grow and how they prepare for extremes. From large-scale developments like NEOM to urban revitalisation efforts, urban development in Riyadh is progressing at unprecedented speed. Yet beneath the surface lies an urgent challenge: managing water in a region increasingly shaped by climate unpredictability. Long dry seasons are now followed by sudden, heavy rainfall. Flash floods, once rare, are becoming more frequent. In...











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